Evaluation of Vegetation Diversity on Forest Road Fill-Slop using Bioengineering Method in Surdar-Watashan Forestry Plan

Landslide phenomenon because of the movement of materials on the slope causes the destruction of nature, soil loss and many ecological processes in the region. A variety of additives and modifiers are used to conserve water and soil in the world, among which, bioengineering methods due to environmental and economic issues in forest engineering have received much attention, by using them, plant species regrowth and increase the diversity of vegetation occurs.

In this study, the diversity of grass cover in the stabilized landslide area of ​​the forest road embankment in section 5 of series 3 of the Surdar-Watashan Forestry Project was investigated. For this purpose, a slippery area stabilized with alder and willow species by hand due to natural presence in similar erosion areas and easy establishment after five years of bioengineering (planting seedlings with straw mulch and wood chips) was selected. The experimental design was selected in completely randomized blocks under 3 experimental treatments of uncovered soil (control), mulch and straw treatment and wood treatment at a surface of about 72 square meters. Vegetation diversity status in 27 designed plots was assessed after five years of bioengineering. PAST and SPSS software were used to calculate biodiversity indices and statistical analyzes.

The mean of Simpson diversity index was 0.8, Shannon-Wiener diversity was 2.29, Margalef richness was 1.28, Manhenic was 0.79, Pilo uniformity was 3.2 and Sheldon uniformity was 1.8, which indicates a significant difference between the means. Simpson, Shannon-Wiener, Pilo, Sheldon, Manhenic, and Margalef are established in the area.

Therefore, research on stabilized and unstabilized landslide areas helps a lot to identify the species settled in these areas and can be used in similar landslide areas of these species for biological stabilization of road embankment walls of the forest road.