Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Black Seed (Nigella Sativa) and Honey on Changes in Serum, Urinary, and Kidney Tissue Factors in Kidney Stones of Male Mice

This study aimed to investigate the effect of black seed and hydroalcoholic honey extract on changes in serum, urine, and kidney tissue variables in male mice with kidney stones.  To do this, 7 groups were first considered, which are: harmful and healthy control groups, treatment with concentrations of 125 and 250mg/kg black seed, treatment with concentrations of 125 and 250 mg/kg Honey, and treatment with 125 mg/kg black seed with 125 mg/kg honey. The required substances were introduced to the groups from the first to the last day of the experiment, and 1 % ethylene glycol was added to the drinking water. The researchers looked at serum variables, including potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, urine factors like citrate, oxalate, and calcium, and tissue factors like kidney weight and crystal count. The results of this study showed that the accumulation of calcium oxalate crystals in the negative control group increased significantly (P-value<0.001) compared to the combined group of honey and black seed at 125 mg/kg (without crystal accumulation). In addition, in other groups, the number of rock accumulations significantly decreased compared to the negative control group (P-value<0.001). Biochemical examination of urine at the end of the experiment showed a significant decrease (P-value<0.001) in urinary oxalate in the combined group of honey and black seed 125 mg/kg (0.3±0.07). Urine calcium concentration also decreased significantly (P-value<0.05). In the combined group, honey and black seed had 125 mg/kg (5.70±0.75). In addition, serum and tissue parameters in the honey and black seed groups alone (125 and 250 mg/kg) and the honey and black seed group (125 mg/kg) showed significant changes in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones.  The combination of black seed and honey is a viable option for kidney stone prevention and therapy, which shows the synergistic effects of honey and black seed with each other.