Crowdfunding contracts in Iranian legal system

In the last decades, there were innovations such as venture capitals, accelerators and etc. in order to make an alternative for traditional funding entities like banks. Daily development of internet provides essential basis for expansion of the phenomenon so-called crowdsourcing. Therefore, the crowdfunding come to exist in world economy’s literature as one of modern methods of funding. Crowdfunding is an open call via internet in order to collecting required sources of projects in return of future production, services or reward. This model of funding has different types that we could separate them into two major branches; financial crowdfunding and non-financial crowdfunding.The legal nature of donation-based crowdfunding and Reward-based crowdfunding as the famous methods of non-financial one can be analyze in the context of donation contract. Furthermore, pre-ordering crowdfunding is Interpretable as both craftsmanship contract and contract for delivery with prepayment. In financial crowdfunding there are two methods; debt-based crowdfunding and equity crowdfunding. Debt-based crowdfunding can be identified as loan contract and capital-plus-profit sale in Iran legal system. Otherwise, there are some disagreements about nature of stocks. Among the opinions in this field, the idea of shareholders’ ownership on business entity as a subjective phenomenon are accepted. According to this, we can analyze transaction of stocks in the firm of partnership certificate based on stocks sale contract.