Determinants of exchange rate behavior in Iran using a hybrid monetary model

Exchange rate is one of the most important variables in financial systems and identifying its determinants can significantly improve the performance of such systems. This paper proposes a hybrid exchange rate monetary model for the Iranian economy that has more explanatory variables than the classical monetary exchange rate models and uses the annual data of the period 1398-1398 and Johansen's approach. According to the results of long-term co-integration test, it can be inferred that the variables of real GDP difference and nominal interest rate difference have a negative impact and the variables of inflation rate difference, liquidity difference, crude oil real price, government expenditure share of GDP and the productivity difference of the tradable sector has a positive effect on the exchange rate. The positive effect of the difference in the productivity of the tradable sector on the exchange rate denies the existence of the Balassa-Samuelson effect in Iran. According to the impulse response function, the exchange rate itself has the greatest effect on the exchange rate by creating an impulse equal to a standard deviation on the variables affecting the exchange rate. The results of the variance decomposition also indicate that the most explanation of exchange rate fluctuations during 10 years is the exchange rate variable itself.