Relationship of Health Belief Model with Medication Adherence and Risk Factor Prevention in Hypertension Patients in Cimahi City, Indonesia

Medical adherence is critical to hypertension treatment. Medication non-adherence is one of the problems affecting hypertensive patients. Belief in health treatment is very important to support adherence behavior, especially in hypertension.   The present research aimed to determine the relationship of the health belief model with medical adherence and risk factor prevention in hypertension patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients referring to health centers in Cimahi City, Indonesia, in 2020. A total of 180 patients were selected via the purposive sampling method. The instrument used to measure medical treatment adherence and risk factor prevention was the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale. The data were analyzed in SPSS Software using the Chi-square test and Logistic regression test. The majority of participants were female (88.9%), unemployed (76.7%), within the age range of 40-59 years (60.0%), and had low education (75.0%). Moreover, most cases had health insurance (91.7%), with a maximum duration of hypertension less than 5 years (70.6%), and a body mass index (BMI) between 18.5-25.0 (45%). The health belief model was related to adherence to hypertension treatment (P<0.05); nonetheless, in the multivariate model, the perceived benefit had no significant relationship when entering into the regression model. Implications for Practice: To improve medication adherence and risk factor prevention in hypertensive patients, it is necessary to strengthen the health belief model with continuous and ongoing education about hypertension.