Prevalence and Determination of Pattern of Antibiotic Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Clienteles Referred to the Laboratory of Valiasr Clinic in Mashhad in 2022

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections affecting human health. Since Enterobacteriaceae bacteria are common causes of urinary tract infections, this study aimed to determine the frequency and pattern of Enterobacteriaceae antibiotic resistance in patients with urinary tract infections to prevent increased antibiotic resistance of these bacteria and prevent increased treatment costs. This cross-sectional analytical study was performed on 3 different age groups of Clienteles referred to Valiasr Clinic Laboratory in Mashhad. Detection of bacterial species was performed using conventional microbiological methods and biochemical tests, and according to the instructions of the Institute of Clinical and Laboratory Standard 2021, the pattern of antibiotic resistance of isolates was evaluated by the disk diffusion method. Out of 438 urine cultures with positive results in terms of Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli with a prevalence of 76.7%, Klebsiella 14.4%, Enterobacter 4.3%, Proteus 3%, and other bacterial species with a prevalence of 1.6% Were observed. Bacterial isolates showed the lowest antibiotic resistance against Piperacillin-Tazobactam (13%) and Amikacin (17.2%), and also had the highest antibiotic resistance against Cefazolin (81.5%) and Co-trimoxazole (62.5%). Due to the frequency of urinary tract infections and to prevent their serious complications, it is necessary to study the pattern of regional antibiotic resistance in medical centers for effective and timely treatment. Therefore, it is recommended that Amikacin and Piperacillin-Tazobactam antibiotics be considered for the experimental treatment of urinary tract infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae.