The Role of Psychological Capital and Differentiation of Self in Predicting Emotional Divorce in Female Teachers

Emotional divorce is an abnormality in the family system that, although it does not lead to the separation of couples, but their married life lacks love, companionship and friendship and has negative consequences for the functioning of the family. The aim of this study was to determine the role of psychological capital and differentiation self in predicting emotional divorce in female teachers in Zanjan.

The present study was performed by descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population included all female teachers in education district 2 of Zanjan in 2019. The statistical sample was 274 people based on Krejcie & Morgan formula which was selected by convenience sampling method. In this study, demographic questionnaire, "Emotional Divorce Scale", "Differentiation of Self Scale" and "Psychological Capital Scale" were used. Content validity by qualitative method, and reliability by internal consistency method were evaluated by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS. 25. 

Between psychological capital (R= 0.36, P<0.05) and its components including self-efficacy (R= -0.46, P<0.05), hopefulness (R= -0.46, P<0.0), resilience (R= 0.37, P<0.05) and optimism (R= 0.50, P <0.05) were negatively correlated with emotional divorce. Between differentiation (R= -0.43, P<0.05) and its components including emotional reactivity (R= 0.25, P<0.05), My position (R= 0.48, 05 P <0.0), positive correlation with emotional divorce and correlation between emotional divorce (R= 0.44, P <0.05) and fusion with others (R= -0.43, P<0.05) with emotional divorce there was a negative. The results showed that psychological capital and differentiation together could explain 30% of the variance of emotional divorce in women (P<0.05). 

Emotional divorce in women was predicted by psychological capital and differentiation. Therefore, it is recommended to counselors and family psychologists, considering the role of these variables in emotional divorce, with the help of couples to increase psychological capital and adjust differentiation. They should prevent emotional divorce.