A review of congenital heart and blood vessel defects in domestic animals

Congenital heart defects are reported in different animals, but they are not prevalent. Often congenital heart defects cause severe clinical symptoms at birth or cause death in the first weeks of life. But sometimes a compensatory response occurs, and the existence of the problem remains hidden from our point of view for several years. Congenital heart defects have different causes and, although more of these defects are affected by environmental factors, there is not much information available on the environmental risk factor. Congenital atrial defect and congenital ventricular defect are the most common congenital heart defects. In most congenital heart defects, oxygenated blood is mixed with carbon-containing blood and causes pathogenicity. Despite the high resistance of the pulmonary arteries, the presence of a congenital heart defect can cause a connection between the pulmonary blood stream and the general blood stream. As a result, oxygen deficiency leads to respiratory problems, and if the ratio of unsaturated blood of oxygen is high, bruising will also be visible.