A Methodical Critique of Henri Lammens's View of Fatima (AS) in the Book "Fatima and the Daughters of Muhammad (S)"

Biographical research is one of the most important parts of Western Islamology and the life of the Prophet (S) and his family is the central part of these studies, which is known in Western literature as sirah studies. Henry Lammens is one of the leading researchers in this field who has compiled important works about Islamic hagiography. While studying the biography of the Prophet of Islam, he also did research into the life of Lady Zahra (AS) in a historical-analytical and critical way. Using the descriptive-analytical method, the present article examines his important work in this regard, namely "Fatima and the daughters of Muhammad (S)", and methodologically critiques his views based on four types of critique methods mimesis criticism, expressive criticism, practical criticism, and objective criticism. In the book, the author strongly supports Ahl al-Bayt (AS), especially Imam Ali (AS) and Lady Fatima (AS), to the extent that the central importance of the personality of Fatima and her children is evident. However, the background of opposition to Islam in Lammens's mind sometimes led him out of justice and neutrality. His not-so-strong search, especially among Shiite narrative sources, is one of the serious shortcomings of the book.
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