Extraction and comparison of some biochemical compounds of Melissa officinalis leaves and Impatiens walleriana leaves and flowers

Plant extracts and their phenolic and flavonoid compounds have known anti-microbial and anti-cancer properties, but extraction methods and solvents can affect their properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate and comparison of the biological properties of Impatiens walleriana and Melissa officinalis. Plants were prepared from Tehran local flower market in 2018, isolated, dried in shade (less than 1% moisture) and milled. After preparation of various extracts including ethanol / methanol, aqueous and acetone by maceration and ultrasonic methods, the compounds were examined. The biochemical compounds were compared. Compounds include total phenolic content determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method, total flavonoid content by aluminum chloride method, anthocyanin and total carotenoids by colorimeter methods. The results showed that the maceration extract method was superior to the ultrasonic extraction in studied plants and ethanol / methanol with purity (1: 1 ratio) of 70% was selected as the most suitable solvent. Melissa officinalis had higher flavonoid content of  8.75±1.01 mg / g DW and Impatiens walleriana leaf had more phenolic content of 12.66 ± 0.2 mg / g DW than the other two compounds. Impatiens walleriana flowers had more anthocyanins due to their color composition (2.09 ± 0.02 µmol / g DW) than the other two compounds and Melissa officinalis contained the most carotenoid (5.07 ± 0.06 mg / g DW). Extracts of the studied plants contain significant (P<0.05)  amount of antioxidant compounds. Therefore, further research is recommended to fully identify these compounds and their antioxidant potency.