Ways to detect fake news in the media from the point of view of communication specialists and professionals

The aim of the present study was to discover the factors that detect fake news in the media, especially social networks, because the speed of spreading fake news in new media and its negative impact on public opinion is irreparable in some cases.The method of this qualitative study and its statistical population included experts in the field of communication sciences, media and news, which were selected from the method of targeted sampling and snowball (chain reference) based on the inclusion criteria. The required information was obtained by using documentary studies and semi-structured interviews for 1720 minutes and 15 interviews with publication saturation condition and the method of receiving participants' feedback was used to validate the thematic analysis. The results were analyzed using MAXQDA 2020 software and thematic analysis method.The results of the analysis were formed in the form of 439 key concepts and 57 codes, 12 sub-themes and 5 main themes of "content structure", "publishing agent", "news source", "rules" and "machine algorithms".Interpretation and analysis of data showed that the detection of fake news in the media and social networks in Iran, above all, needed to create a database to compare and model the methods of writing fake news and detect it, and more research is needed in the field. Content analysis is done in Persian to get a better understanding of fake news writing patterns in Persian.