Science and its Realism from the View of Mullā Sadrā and its Effect on Teaching the Similarity between the Theory of Ghost and Mental Existence Based on Transcendental Wisdom

The purpose of the present study is to review science and its realism from the view of Mullā Sadrā and its effect on teaching the similarity between the theory of ghost and mental existence based on transcendental wisdom. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that Mullā Sadrā's theory can compromise between the theory of mental existence, supplement and ghost in epistemology and can answer some arguments against the theories of ghost and supplement based on existentialism. His theory is also compatible with the perception of western philosophers. Existentialism and obligation to its requirements in epistemology can help us to distinguish between reality and appearance and that we always achieve appearances while we are deprived from knowing realities. This cognition is just similar to the external world or enjoys that. Science is the only narrator of the external appearance and what is basically effective in achieving science is the recognizer's mind and mental faculty so observing the principles of acquiring science can guarantee its realism. Obligation to existentialism and its epistemological requirements is effective on a teacher's teaching method, his/her interaction with students, how much attention he/she pays to their questions and arguments, certainty and credibility of educational contents, and so on.