Evaluating the NDVI and Landuse trend Respect to Sustainable Development in Malard

Development, as a concept, has been associated with various meanings, interpretations, and theories. Development is an evolutionary process whereby human capacity is increased to start new structures, solving problems, adapting to constant changes, and deliberately and creatively striving to achieve new goals. Forests are increasingly recognized as a key element for sustainable development and support several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), some of which include reducing hunger and poverty, regulating fresh water, climate practices, health and welfare, and biodiversity. One of the most important indices used to assess deforestation is the Normalized difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which is used to assess forest change trends. The results of all studies that examined NDVI index will be questionable in the term of Sustainable Development Goals. This study investigates the trend of NDVI vegetation index during the period 2001 to 2018 based on the MODIS data in Malard city.

In this study, the MODIS vegetation data at a resolution of 1 km were used. The vegetation data, abbreviated MOD13A3, is monthly and with a 1 kilometer spatial resolution. This data covers 830 points for Malard city, so that it can be surveyed in 1×1 kilometers of 830 points in the city. Since based on research conducted by Farajzadeh et al. (2011:107), May to August have the highest NDVI, this index was extracted only in the highest NDVI months, ie May, June, July and August. The data were subdivided into three-year intervals and the rate of change was extracted based on the index introduced by the United Nations for sustainable development goals. Then annual land use was obtained for a deeper examination.in the final step we used an analytic-description method to describe the results in the connection with sustainable development goals.

The results showed that a decreasing trend was observed in the percentage of NDVI area in May, June and July between -0.03 and -0.9% in month. So that, under the maximum NDVI months, it was found that the amount of Barren increased about 9 km2 every 6 years and the amount of areas covered by forests and green plants decreased about 8 km2 every 6 years. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the measures and plans regarding prevent desertification in the city that will meet the goals of sustainable development