Mystical Language in Rumi's Masnavi Manavi

One of the most important topics among mystics has always been the expression of mystical experiences. It is not possible to study the phenomenological aspects of these experiences outside of language. But language is insufficient in explaining mystical experiences, and for this reason mystics have turned to artistic and literary forms of language. Symbol and allegory are two forms of artistic language. By using analytical method, the present research investigates the question of how Jalāl-al Din Rumi used allegory and symbols to reveal his mystical experiences in Masnavi Manavi. Considering the limitations of human language, Rumi has tried to open the way to mystical interpretations for himself and the audience with his special language. To understand the language of Masnavi, it is important to know its symbolic language. The findings of the research show that Rumi has given dynamism to his mystical language by using his own verbal capacities. Attention to language and its defects, semantics, repetition of special words and focusing on a single thought, awareness of mystical experiences with regard to their inexpressibility and the level of understanding of audience are among the effective factors in the mystical language of Masnavi.