Experiences of professors in the field of humanities from the characteristics of the university textbook in order to design a model for compiling the university textbook: a qualitative study of phenomenology

The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of professors in identifying the characteristics of university textbooks from the perspective of professors of public universities in Tehran. The approach of this research and its strategy is qualitative based on phenomenology. The number of participants in the study was 19 university professors who were purposefully invited to participate in the snowball. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview that was recorded visually and aurally and their content was implemented textually. The method of data analysis was reflective analysis or reflective analysis using Van Manen's (1996) six-step method. The interview data were analyzed in three coding steps by the 2018 version of maxqda software. The analysis showed that the main categories arising from the interviews are soft (non-technical) competencies and hard competencies. Taking into account these factors arising from the experiences of professors, a model of the characteristics of the academic textbook is presented. The content validity of the model was assessed by a 14-item questionnaire validated by 30 university professors who were selected by convenience sampling and the content validity of 13 components with cvr = 0.77 was confirmed. In order to validate the data, the proposed criteria of Goba and Lincoln (1989) validity, reliability, verifiability and transferability were used. Reliability test technique in the research, the method of intra-subject agreement has been used.