The Effect of Decreased Physical Activity Through Chronic Constriction Injury on Calcium Flux Gene Expression in Soleus Muscle of Wistar Rats After Three Exercise Models

Calcium flux disorders due to STIM1, ORAI1 and MG29 may contribute to muscle atrophy. Therefore, This study aimed to determine the effect of decreased physical activity through Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) on the expression of these genes in rat soleus muscle after three exercise training models.

The present study was an experimental study that was conducted in Kerman university of medical sciences in 2020. 32 eight-week-old rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: CCI (Sham-CCI), CCI-endurance training (CCI-E), CCI-strength training (CCI-S), and CCI-combined training (CCI-CO). The training program was of 6 weeks’ duration, 4 sessions per week. Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of genes. To determine the significance of the differences between the variables, one-way ANOVA test ,and if necessary, tukey test, was used.

The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference in STIM1 (F=134/98, p=0/001), MG29 (F=245/12, p<0/001) and ORAI1 (F=152/58, p=0/001) gene expression. Furthermore, tukey test results showed that STIM1 and MG29 gene expression in CCI-CO group was more than those in Sham-CCI and CCI-E groups. Also, ORAI1gene expression in CCI-CO group was more than those in Sham-CCI, CCI-E and CCI-S groups (p<0.05).     

The results showed that the decrease in physical activity through CCI leads to calcium hemostasis disorders. On the other hand, combined training increases gene expression of involving calcium flux, and decreases disorders of calcium  hemostasis and muscle atrophy.