Reading Paradigms in the Poetry of Hafiz Based on the Reception Theory(in the 19th to 20th-century in England)

In this article, the causes of 19-20th-century’s English audience's considerable attention to Hafiz poems are studied regarding the reader-oriented Reception Theory. This approach had special social, cultural, and literary causes defined in the Reception Theory as paradigms. By identifying the social-literary paradigms of England, the literary and social Horizons of Expectation in this period are explained. The Horizon of Expectation is the most important discussion in Reception Theory of Robert Jauss, which includes all literary and social factors which stimulate readers to refer to a literary work. The readers identify their expectations according to these horizons. If their expectations from the text are satisfied, they continue reading; otherwise, the text is considered as a "dead". In the case of Hafiz poems in 19th-20th century, we consider the combinations of horizons and readings. The results show that in these centuries, the social-literary paradigms in Britain were so developed that Hafiz poems could satisfy the social-literal expectations of England and even go beyond them.