The Impact of Public Transport Development Plans on Urban Air Pollution Using System Dynamics Methodology

The development of air pollution control strategies is a relatively complex process that has various aspects; there are also development plans in urban transportation networks, but this models are mainly unable to investigate the simultaneous effects of increasing and decreasing on air pollution. In this research, a dynamic system model has been created to investigate various parameters affecting air pollution compared to their long-term study over 20 years. The model is developed by creating economic, social, environmental and transportation sub-models and their simultaneous relationship to study public transport infrastructure development programs in urban air pollution and evaluates and compares the performance of public transportation and helps to adopt innovative policies for its future planning and management. To evaluate the developed model, the results of 14 criteria in 14 scenarios based on 3 general strategies were reviewed and three-dimensionalization methods were used to assess the policies. The results of the study led to the presentation of the proposed package of public transport policy, which shows that the quality improvement policy of the metro and BRT have been evaluated as the best policies among disposal and absorption policies. The novelty of this paper is the long-term review of various policies as well as all modes of transportation in the system dynamics model, the results of which can be the basis of urban transportation policy.