Modernist Reading of Freedom in the Works of Mikhail Naimy and Ahmed Shamlou

Contemporarily freedom has gained paramount importance with the emergence of intellectual movements. Political issues in societies resulted in committed literature so as to address the individual and social needs emerged in this new era. For instance, the works of such prominent writers as Mikhail Naimy and Ahmed Shamlou have left many works on the issue of human freedom. The aim of this research was seek the manifestations of Marxism, Christianity and intellectual progress in the works of Mikhail Naimy (1889) and Ahmad Shamlou (1925). It also endeavored to describe and analyze differences and similarities in the works of these writers in terms of these issues.The results showed various manifestations of Marxism, Christianity and intellectual progress in the two writers’ works. Additionally, the difference in the manifestation of these subjects resides in the very discourse they chose for their work. Naimay's goal in raising these issues was spiritual freedom and Shamlou's goal was social freedom. Naimy’s reading of the three issues in the modern era is in accordance with contemporary ideology and his works can be analyzed individually and cognitively based on virtue  (English modernity), but because of his character, the manifestation of Marxist philosophy will not be complete and practical in his works and will be established only in the stage of consciousness; therefore he is not considered a Marxist, but Shamlou’s reading of the three issues is consistent with the ideology of the modern age, and his work can be analyzed socially and politically in the context of American modernity.