The Explanation of Educational Condition and Enactment of the First Law on Workers' Education during Pahlavi Era in Iran (1925-1953)

The advent of the industrial revolution and the change in the scientific and technical bases of production made technical and professional education and its prerequisite, i.e., literacy, an unavoidablele necessity. The communist revolution in Russia and its widespread propaganda about the rights of workers, including the right to education, turned this issue into a fundamental one in the field of politics and society, not only in industrialized countries, but also new countries including Iran encountered the industrial modernization. Therefore, the first Pahlavi government reluctantly gave in to the education of workers. The present essay seeks to answer the question what policies did the governments of the Pahlavi implement for the education of workers from the beginning to 1953? The findings of present study which are based on Archival records, library materials and newspaper show that the inherent need of new industries for formal education on the one hand, and the need to counter communist propaganda and prevent the recruitment of workers by internal leftist groups on the other hand, left no other way than formal literacy for the first Pahlavi government and Finally in the relatively open political atmosphere of the 20s led to the enactment of the first official law on labors education and literacy.