Nazmiyeh and Ehtesabiyeh during the Presidency of Mohammad Karim Khan Mukhtar al-Saltaneh

Introducing and examining administrative positions and officials and their evolution is one of the most important aspects of research on Iran's administrative organization. Nazmiyeh and Ehtesabiyeh were two social and security institutions that were removed from the form of the traditional structure that ruled Iran for centuries based on the needs of the society during the Qajar period. These businesses were sometimes managed separately and sometimes jointly by one person. Mukhtar al-Saltaneh was one of the military officials who was entrusted with the headship of Nazmiyeh and Ehtesabiyeh during the period of Muzaffar al-Din Shah Qajar. The current research, which has been prepared using library and archival documents and sources, studies the actions of this well-known military official in the field of service in the given period. The findings of the research showed that the structure of order and accountability under the leadership of Mukhtar al-Saltaneh underwent changes in structure and function and expanded its influence and importance in the implementation of security duties and urban affairs in the urban society. At a time when the Enlightenment ideas of progress, law and justice in the written and intellectual works of a few intellectuals were projected on the basis of written works and in the field of theoretical foundations, this military official with his innovative actions on the basis of traditional society took the initial steps in the field of action and later his actions became a model for the constitutionalists to use in writing the municipal law. In the field of security affairs and urban duties, he was able to create a certain feeling and awareness of the responsibility of citizenship among the people.