Climatic zoning of Ardabil province using multivariate methods

Climatic zoning and knowledge of effective climatic factors and elements can be very effective in determining climatic potentials. The purpose of this research is to pay attention to this principle in order to know the environmental capabilities and limitations and to deal with natural disasters. In this regard, the climatic zoning of Ardabil province was discussed using modern methods. First, for 11 synoptic stations of this province, 22 important meteorological parameters for the 12-year statistical period (2009-2021) were received from the General Meteorological Department. In the next step, the annual average of these variables was obtained for each station, and since their measurement scale was different, they were standardized in the Spss software environment. Then, in the same software, factor analysis was performed on these data and the output results were 5 main factors, which are: the first thermal factor with 31.89% variance, the second pressure-steam factor with 21.08% variance, the third moisture factor with 18.61 variance, the fourth precipitation factor with 14.05 percent variance and the fifth wind-radiation factor with 7.48 percent variance, which in total explained 93.12 percent of the climatic behavior of the region. In the next step, according to the output of the 5 factors, three similar climatic regions were distinguished from each other using Ward's hierarchical cluster analysis method. Also, to show the scope of activity of each of these factors, climate zoning was done in Gis software environment and using Idw interpolation method. According to the final map obtained, most of these factors were concentrated in the cities of Parsabad, Beilesawar, Nemin, Serain and Givi. According to Dumarten's climate classification, it was also recognized that the climate of Ardabil province is part of the semi-arid climate.