Ecological economy and protection of the earth's ecosystem

The current world economy has put ecosystems and human societies in critical straits. Neoliberal capitalism, in order to maximize profits, turns all elements of nature into commodities and justifies it scientifically. The main goal of this article is to present a conceptual framework in ecological economics. In the strict scientific sense, ecological economy refers to an economic system that is in harmony with the basic principles of ecology as well as "systemic principles of life". In a broader sense, ecological economics refers to economic theory and practice that does not see the economy dominating the fields of nature, society and culture, but believes that the economy should be active within nature, society and culture. In terms of methodology, four basic principles for ecological economics are identified based on the theory of life systems and the philosophy of organism. These four principles are nested systems, self-generating networks, open systems and cognitive interactions. The basic question is how these principles can be used to design an ecological economic system that facilitates life at the individual, social and environmental levels. The current research connects the ecological economy to the systems theory, which can justify the necessity of the research. The findings show that ecological economics should give priority to activities that maximize the well-being of humans and non-humans, as well as whole ecosystems, and its main goal should be to serve life processes in social and ecological systems.