A Study of the Mana Archetype and Animalism Idea in Tazkirat Al-Awliya Stories Based on Jung's Views

Carl Gustav Jung, a Prominent Swiss psychologist and founder of Collective Unconscious theory and Mythical Criticism, introduces and analyzes ancient archetypes and symbols in his works which is based on extensive research on the myths, rituals and literature of primitive and ancient peoples and nations. According to him, they all reflect and project the collective psyche and subconscious of the human race in its history of evolution. Naturally, the traces of these archetypes can be seen in many mystical, religious and non-religious beliefs of various nations, including Islamic mysticism hitherto. In this study, which is taken from a dissertation on the symbolism of Tazkerat al-Awliya based on Jung's views, a comparative analytical method is used to analyze the archetype of animism or mana in Jung's works and search for evidence in Attar's Tazkerat al-Awliya. In this research, the archetype of Mana and the idea of animism in animals, plants, some natural elements and inanimate objects were examined in Jung's theories and the anecdotes of Tazkereh al-Awliya. The result of this research indicates the existence of this archetype in the mentioned mystical text and adaptation of its evidences with Jung's interpretations