Artificial intelligence is one of the key technologies that has helped a lot in industrial processing and solving various problems of society and has been considered by many societies. Over time, the use of artificial intelligence technologies and machine learning programs and algorithms in factories, health, banking and security, as well as e-commerce, mass media and mobile application platforms has developed significantly. Despite these advances, in parallel with technological advances and solutions produced by artificial intelligence, more variables are emerging about how things are done and whether current resources are sufficient to meet the changing needs of people. Thus, with unresolved issues, the challenges seem endless and experts are not skilled enough to complete their systems. Therefore, in this article, we address the most important challenges in the development of artificial intelligence in the Islamic Republic; after identifying the challenges with the content analysis method and with the interview tool, we have prioritized these challenges and the intensity of the relationship between them using the fuzzy cognitive mapping method. The statistical population of this study was selected from ICT experts, especially specialists in the field of artificial intelligence. In this research, first 36 pivotal challenges of artificial intelligence development in the country were identified based on existing strategic documents and content analysis method and then based on four initial impact matrices, fuzzy impact matrix, impact power matrix and final impact matrix and FCMapper software and Pajek software. Fuzzy cognition was drawn.