Microwave Imaging behind a Drywall using Synthetic Aperture Radar

We study through a drywall imaging using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) method. Transmission and reflection characteristics of the wall are analyzed by a rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method. The Bragg modes are investigated on analytic formulation and reconstructed image. The cutoff frequency for different Bragg modes is calculated and the relative power carried by each of these modes is shown. The Green function of such a periodic structure is derived by representing a line source radiation in the spectral domain. The analytical results are then validated by the numerical FEM results using the COMSOL software and the effect of the number of the Bragg modes is shown. Having numerically calculated backscattered fields of a target behind the wall and the free-space Green function, the SAR image of the target is computed and the image artifacts due to the presence of the wall are addressed. Firstly, we show that the target image is still distorted and not focused even with the background subtraction. Secondly, by properly employing the phase of the wall Green function instead of the free-space Green function, we indicate that the target image is successfully refocused.