The Role of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) in Teaching Geography and Improving the Scientific and Research Level of Students in Schools

With the advancement of technology in the world, new technologies are being produced and presented to the world of research. The comprehensive development of research satellites and various software has been one of the advances that has been able to help geographical research and in addition to reducing costs, to study and monitor wider areas accurately and instantly. One of these techniques is remote sensing and GIS, which has received a lot of attention in the country and its development has been so significant that it has been included in school geography books. Practical teaching of these techniques in schools, in addition to increasing learning and research motivation, can flourish the creative and dynamic minds of students and lead them to do research and gain experiences. Therefore, the authors in this study, which was done by library, field and remote sensing methods, introduced some of these techniques, including the study of fluctuations in vegetation and water areas during different years, analysis of urban space expansion in recent decades, calculation of displacement sand dunes in different time periods, have calculated the amount of land subsidence, field visits and the use of UAVs to photograph and make three-dimensional landforms. The need to use these techniques requires the presence of experienced geography teachers and experts in this field who can explain the interaction between different environmental factors with a systemic perspective and convey it to students. Forming specialized and educational working groups in education, such as holding in-service courses and skills training by the province's geography groups can be important and effective in this field, and provide specialized and research-oriented teachers for training and quantitative and qualitative development of students and schools. Therefore, equipping schools with computer systems is very important in achieving software education