Optimal Scheduling of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Simultaneous Participation in the Energy and Automatic Frequency Restoration Reserve Markets

Today, with the increasing consumption of electricity and environmental problems caused by fossil fuels, the tendency to use renewable sources is increased. Also, due to the restructuring of power networks from the traditional structure to the market-based structure, different energy markets and ancillary services is designed. On the other hand, due to the uncertainty of the renewable sources generation, energy storage units are considered as a participant in energy and ancillary service markets alongside renewable sources or as an independent unit. Due to the high speed of battery energy storages, using these resources in frequency ancillary service markets such as the automatic frequency restoration reserve market is an appropriate choice. One of the issues in scheduling these units is how to participate in energy or ancillary services markets simultaneously, to maximize the net profit. In this paper, an optimal strategy for the simultaneous participation of the battery energy storage unit in the energy and the automatic frequency restoration reserve markets is proposed. Simulation results show the good performance of the proposed strategy for the simultaneous participation in the energy and the automatic frequency restoration reserve markets to maximize the battery energy storages profit.