A Critical Study of Two Positions of Negation and Affirmation in the Unity of Attributes and Resolving the Their Conflict in the Shiite Theological System

The issue of God's attributes and the way in which they are attributed to Divine Essence is one of the basic epistemological issues in the knowledge of God. Abu Ali Jaba`i Mu'tazili believes that God's Essence is the representative of God's attributes, because regarding His skillfulness in creation, itqani sun`a, it is not reasonable to deny divine attributes. Yet, as the reality of an attribute is its state of being based on others, not being the same as them, this may not be agreed with. Because it leads to an absolute negation, and some like the Ash'aries and Mu'tazilites, respectively, believe in additionality of what is not of beginning in time or in temporal additionality, and have proved Divine attributes; as, in principle, God's essence should not be considered devoid of existential perfections. These two sayings may not be agreed with either; science they would lead to the multiplicity of what of no temporality or to need. In the meantime, Shia, in addition to proving the attributes, also negated the extraneous and incidental attributes, the view which this article aims to show in a descriptive and analytical way, using a library method, not only as being of no conflict, but as the best theory.