Evaluation of housing components of urban vulnerable groups, a case study of Tabriz metropolis

Introduction:

 The main challenges facing the urban planners of this city are the formation of poor neighborhoods due to the lack of proper formal space and within the capacity of the vulnerable urban strata, followed by the formation of marginal and unsustainable houses, inappropriate texture, weak urban services and vulnerable construction materials. The presence of residential units of these social classes against natural hazards such as earthquakes and the spread of all kinds of social damage among the low-income strata is due to the geographical space that governs it. Solving these challenges will not be possible except by thinking of macro measures and adopting new approaches. Therefore, this research aims to identify and analyze the most important barriers to providing housing for urban vulnerable groups, the extent and how these factors influence each other, in the metropolis of Tabriz, by explaining the position and analysis of the influencing indicators in the housing of the metropolis in the area of vulnerable and low-income groups. . What are the most important componentsof providing housing for urban vulnerable groups in Tabriz metropolis? Thepurpose of this research is to identify the most important obstacles in planning the provision of housing for vulnerable urban groups in the metropolis of Tabriz.

In terms of method and nature, the research is descriptive and analytical, and in terms of purpose, it is in the category of applied research. Theoretical foundations are based on documentary and library studies. In order to select indicators that are effective on social justice and prioritize these indicators in measuring social justice, 20 experts in the field (traffic, urban services, urban planning, municipality, governorate, governorate, road and urban development) were selected using the Delphi method to test the questionnaire. It is used randomly for weighting. Part of the required information has been collected from the Statistics Center. Among the most important indicators that have been used, we can mention the level of literacy, medical and educational services, etc. In this research, using social justice indicators and factor analysis model, the assessment of social justice in 10 districts of Tabriz city has been done. The analysis of quantitative and qualitative social issues is done through tools that are variables called social indicators. Social indicators are a key tool for drawing the future perspective of the state of the province and planning.

Oribe era provides better output than Varimax era. Two matrices are generated, a pattern matrix and a structure matrix. The difference between low and black factor loadings is more evident in the pattern matrix. Therefore, this matrix is interpretable. Factor loadings in the model matrix show the unique relationship between the factor and the variable. The pattern has less complex variables and a simpler structure. The last step in factor analysis is to determine how many factors should be determined for interpretation in order to assign labels to them. The number of factors that should be divided depends largely on the main purpose of the analysis. It is more appropriate to have only one factor in this research. Because according to the table, the first factor had an eigenvalue of 8.14. while the second, third, and fourth factors had eigenvalues of 2.15, 1.64, and 0.99, respectively. Also, the Pebble diagram confirms the dominance of the first factor that was involved with 15 items.

 The results show that the mentioned 22 indicators are loaded in the first factor with a variance of 37. The above 4 indicators are related to the indicators of the percentage of the population in relation to the whole city, the size of the household, the number of people in each room and the percentage of population migration. Due to the fact that various indicators are loaded in this factor, for naming, we pay attention to the indicators that have more loading numbers, which are economic and social indicators.After completing the mentioned steps, in the last step, using the factor scores obtained in the previous step, factor scores are calculated for each region and finally, the ranking of the regions is done. For this purpose, a composite index obtained from the algebraic sum of the scores of the five factors for each region is calculated. At the end, by arranging the table based on the numerical value of the combined indicators of the regions, they can be ranked. Table 8 shows the numerical value of the combined indicators of each region and the rank of the regions.