An Investigation of the Evolution of Approaches to Dealing with Urban Gardens from the Pathology of Destruction (Case Study: Tehran, 1979 - 2020)

The ways how urban gardens need to be dealt with have been a challenging topic in architecture and urban planning. In the metropolis of Tehran with about 7 there are gardens scattered across some urban areas. Their management has been detailed in master and development plans. This research aims to examine the evolution of gardens in Tehran, and their classification based on different criteria as well as their benefits, and beneficiaries. Additionally, the study focuses on three different periods to investigate how the management of these gardens has evolved and scrutinize their impacts on the benefits. The literature and background of the subject have been reviewed to inform this research. This research draws upon architectural and urban interventions to seek strategies and offer integrated solutions to a variety of groups of stakeholders. It hopes that the strategies and solutions guarantee the protection of Tehran’s garden values. Architectural and urban planning intervention refers to building construction rules and regulations, how to use land plots, land use plans, and related issues. In terms of “nature”, this research is “qualitative”, the “developmental or applied” type. The sample included experts and stakeholders. The experts were purposefully selected through a non-random and snowball sampling technique. The stakeholders with private interests in Tehran gardens refer to two main groups: owners and investors. The stakeholders of public interest, in general, stand for the citizens, and the city as a whole. This research also examines the conflicts between private interest and public interest from different legal, managerial, economic, technical, cultural, and social aspects. In conclusion, this study shows that the greatest conflicts between the general public and other stakeholders have been in economic and managerial factors, while the greatest conflicts between private stakeholders have been in cultural and social factors. There is no conflict of interest in economic factors.