Study of the innovation system and research and development in the agricultural sector of Argentina

Innovation is a strategy to achieve economic, social and environmental goals that includes the production, dissemination and translation of knowledge and technology in the use of new resources and processes. The purpose of this study was to review the system of innovation and research and development in agriculture in Argentina. The research method was the use of best evidence, which is an intermediate method between the two methods of writing systematic review articles and narrative review. The results showed that in 2020, Argentina was ranked 80th in the world in the overall innovation index with a score of 28.33. The country ranked 97th in organizing, 120th in market sophistications, 75th in knowledge and technology outputs, 71st in creative outputs, and 61st in business sophistications. Argentina had the best performance in human capital and research and the weakest in market sophistications. 14% of all patents, 21% of scientific journals and 17% of citations belonged to the agricultural sector. Effective international cooperation and powerful private associations were strengths and Axis supply, weak monitoring mechanism and innovation gap in different regions were among the weaknesses of the innovation system in Argentina. Establishing a network of Iranian researchers and scholars abroad in order to make the best use of their capacity, as was the case in Argentine agriculture, can lead to the development of science and technology in the agricultural sector of Iran.