Evaluation of the Effect of Forward Velocity and Vertical Wheel Load on the Parameters of Soil Deformation Equation and Deformation Energy in Soil Bin

The mechanical parameters of soil have been used in several different perspectives to describe the mechanical behaviors of the soil-dynamic loads interaction, and Becker's equation is one of the most common methods. In this study, the effect of the speed of soil deformation and the load on wheel on the three parameters of the soil deformation equation as well as the deformation energy for soil deformation have been investigated. The tests were performed in the soil bin environment using a single-wheel tester and a Bevameter. Forward speeds of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 km/h as well as three vertical load levels of 2, 2.5, and 3 kN on the wheel for two different sizes of rectangular pressure plates, were selected. Each test was repeated three times. A same exponential behavior was observed for pressure-sinkage changes in all combinations of load and speed, which progress almost parallel to each other. Based on the research observations, among the three parameters n, Kc and Kφ, both the forward velocity and the load on the wheel have a significant effect at 1% level on the two parameters kc and Kφ. While, the changes of the n parameter are independent of different levels of load and forward velocity. On the other hand, the load-velocity interaction effect was not significant. With the increase of vertical load, resulted in soil compaction, an increasing trend was observed for the energy of penetration of plates into the soil. The speed of penetration of plates showed a direct relationship with the amount of deformation energy. Velocity at 5% level has a significant impact on the soil deformation energy.