The Effect of Green Microalgae of Scenedesmus obliquus Extract on the Level of Xylanase Enzyme Secretion and Transcript level of Xyn Gene in Some Trichoderma spp.

Antifungal compounds of Trichoderma spp, including various lithic enzymes, have a important role in biological control of pathogenic agents. Xylan is a group of hemicellulose compounds which are present in the cell wall of plants and some algae. Green algae and green-blue algae having pectin, cellulose, xylan hemicellulose, arabinoxylan, etc., in their structures could be considered as suitable inducer and precursor of cellulase, xylanase, and pectinase enzymes production in fungi. Beta-xylanase genes, including Xyn1 and Xyn2 genes in Trichoderma species cause to produce the Glycoside hydrolase family 10, enzyme. In this study, the effect of aqueous extract of green microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus on enzyme production ability of four Trichoderma species was investigated. For this purpose, aqueous algae extract at concentrations of 500 and 1000 µg/ml were used during 4 and 8 days to enzyme production was investigated. Change in expression level of Xyln-related gene was analysied using real-timePCR method. The results of this study showed a positive and variable effect of algae extract in enzyme production in all the treated Trichoderma species. The maximum amount of enzyme secretion was observed at concentration of  1000 µg/ml during 8 days of treatment in T. reesei species. At this concentration and time period, T. atroviride showed the lowest amount of enzyme production. Gene expression analysis showed that, the maximum level of Xylan gene expression was occured in T. reesei species at concentration of 1000 µg/ml during 8 days of treatment. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the compounds in cellulosic structure of Scenedesmus mico-algae can have a considerable effect on enzyme secretion of fungi and then can be used as an enzyme stimulus in fungi in industrial and large -scale projects.