Comparative study and physiological indexation of extracellular polysaccharids in cell culture and cyanobacterial proliferation

Extracellular Polysaccharides or Extracellular Polymeric Substances, EPS are polyester compounds that are produce in some cyanobacterial genera. In this study, physiological characteristics and extracellular polysaccharides have been investigated and compared in three different cyanobacteria; a heterocystic bundled, a nonheterocystic bundled and single cell strain. The results of growth rates and growth curves of these three samples indicate that cyanobacterium unicellular Synechococcus sp. Compared to heterocystic bundled; Nostoc sp. and nonheterocystic bundled Phormidium sp. is growing more. Meanwhile, the polysaccharide measurements of these three samples show that the production of the polysaccharides of all three samples at the end of the growth phase reaches the maximum and that the strain of Phormidium sp. has the ability to produce the highest amount of polysaccharides, especially extracellular, whereas the nitrogenase activity of these strains was also consistent with their growth, so that the strain of Synechococcus sp. has the most nitrogenase activity and Nostoc sp. has a second rank in this regard, with a minor difference. In this way it is concluded that the strain of Phormidium sp. is a prime example that has the ability to produce polysaccharides, especially extracellular polymers, to a large extent scale, and can compete in different sectors with synthetic polymers such as xanthan.