The global experience of catch-all parties and ideological parties in Iran: a comparative study of the political culture of reformist and fundamentalist parties

The subject of this article is to investigate the political culture of two categories of reformist and fundamentalist parties in Iran, in order to determine the distance or proximity of the main parties of Iran to the global model of political parties. The main question is, "To what extent does the political culture of the reformist and fundamentalist parties in Iran correspond with the political culture that governs the universal and ideological parties?". The theoretical framework of the research consists of the theory of Almond and Verba in the field of political culture and the theory of Otto Kirschheimer and David Apter in the field of ideological and catch-all parties. The research method is quantitative content analysis. The statistical population includes the videos related to the election debates of the presidential candidates in the seventh, eighth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth periods and documents related to the approvals of the Islamic Council in the sixth, seventh and eleventh periods. The findings show that the reformist parties believe in and are committed to the universal political culture of global parties and are close to the principles of democracy. On the opposite point, the fundamentalist faction, in terms of election slogans, are largely within the framework of catch-all parties, but in the field of action and approval of approvals, like the second generation of parties, i.e., ideological parties, they adhere to their ideological orientation.