Cognitive Analysis of Image Schemas In Samih al-Qasim's Poetry Emphasizing Mark Johnson’s Theory

Cognitive semantics is one of the new patterns in the study of language that examines the relationship between the mind, human sensory perceptions, and linguistic elements. This model analyzes the way information is conceptualized in the mind. Image schema is one of the most fundamental approaches of cognitive semantics, which is formed as abstract concepts in the minds as a result of human interaction with the surrounding world and based on biological experiences. The clear and meaningful structure of schema can be a basis for forming metaphorical maps and understanding complex intellectual domains; Therefore, the purpose of the current research is that, based on the cognitive approach and relying on Johnson’s theory, while examining the three schematic containment, path, and force systems, how to represent life experiences in the poet’s mind, the connection of his worldview with the three schemas, as well as the ability of these systems to objectify abstract matters should be analyzed. The finding of the research show that Samih al-Qassim used has tangibly expressed his desired revolutionary themes by using perceptual elements and physical experiences in order to arouse the spirit of struggle in the audience. He has used a containment schema to visualize the concept of identity, a path schema to objectify the theme of achieving social goals and ideals, and a force schema as a tool to show the stability of the Palestinian nation. Based on the results of the research, the mentioned schemas show a detailed understanding of the mentalities and personality dimensions of Samih al-Qassim, these systems show the singer as committed to the community, as well as a person with high self-esteem and epic emotions.