The effects of basal media and plant growth regulators on the microshoots proliferation and callus induction of cranberry (Vaccinum. arctostaphylos L.) explants

Cranberry (Vaccinum arctostaphylos L.) which locally named Shihard is the only species of vaccinum endemic to Iran and growth in Beechestan community of Iranian northern forests. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different hormonal treatments and cultural media on establishment, proliferation and callus induction of cranberry micro shoots under in vitro conditions. The experiment of the effects of different medium type and plant growth regulators on shoot proliferation was done in a factorial completely randomized design and also the effects of the basal cultural media and various auxin and cytokinin treatments on callus production was carried out as a completely randomized design. Comparison of means value showed that the shoot length per explants on the Anderson medium was significantly higher than that of basal media. No significant difference was found for shoot number. However, the media type significantly (P<0.05) affected the leaf number with the highest number in Anderson medium. Explants grown on modified 1.2 MS and AN cultural media had more stem nodes than the modified QL medium. Moreover, the AN medium supplemented with 1 mg/l zeatin had the largest number of leaf and stem node. In callus induction time table the zeatin and BAP had the best and fastest results respectively.