The Causal Relationship of Spiritual Intelligence and Moral Intelligence with Attachment to God with Mediating Role of One's Image of God among Students

Attachment to God is defined as a person's relationship and emotional orientation to God. Various factors are related to people's attachment to God, it seems that one of these factors is spiritual intelligence, which includes guidance and inner knowledge, maintaining intellectual balance, inner and outer peace, and acting with insight, gentleness, and kindness, it is included. Spiritual intelligence was first proposed by Zohar and Marshal (2001). Considering the importance and basic role of students in maintaining the psycho-social balance of society and considering the various personal and professional problems and issues that students face, it is felt necessary to plan to solve the problems they face. In the current research, we were able to use the person's image of God as a mediating variable to see how this variable affects students' attachment to God by influencing spiritual intelligence and moral intelligence. Therefore, based on what has been said, the originality of the research has been suggested and it can be said that the purpose of this research is to investigate the mediating role of a person's image of God in the relationship between spiritual intelligence and moral intelligence with attachment to God in the students

To achieve the goals of the research, the correlation method was used, and to check the hypotheses of the research, the modeling method of the path analysis type was used. The statistical population was formed by all the students of the Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz branch in the academic year 2018-2019, and 200 questionnaires were provided to the subjects by the available sampling method. Finally, 168 questionnaires from eligible people were analyzed. In this study, the mean and standard deviation of the age of the subjects were 29.11 and 5.87, respectively. The research tools were questionnaires on attachment to God (Beck & McDonald, 2006), spiritual intelligence (Abdollahzadeh et al., 2008), moral intelligence (Lennick & Kiel, 2005), and a person's image of God (Klein, 1993). The evaluation of the proposed model was done using the path analysis method.

Results showed that the proposed model fit the data properly. The results also showed that all direct paths except the path of moral intelligence to the attachment to God were significant. Indirect paths also were significant through one's image of God as an attachment to God. 

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of one's image of God in the relationship between spiritual intelligence and moral intelligence with attachment to God in students. The findings of the research showed that there is a direct and positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and attachment to God, and this hypothesis was confirmed. This means that the higher the level of spiritual intelligence, the greater the attachment to God. Also, the results showed that there is a positive and direct relationship between spiritual intelligence and a person's image of God, and this hypothesis was confirmed by the study of Anisi (2013) and Chabokinezhad and Hoseinian (2011) are consistent. Another finding of the research showed that there is a positive and direct relationship between moral intelligence and a person's image of God, and this hypothesis was confirmed. The sense by increasing the moral intelligence of students, it can be expected that the individual's image of God will increase. Another finding of the research also showed that there is a positive relationship between a person's image of God and attachment to God, and this hypothesis was confirmed. This means that by increasing the image of God among the students, it can be expected that their attachment to God will increase.