Development of Kant's Theory of Conscientiousness in Analyzing the Conflicts of Duties in Moral Propositions (Case Study of Euthanasia)

In his theory of ethics, Kant emphasizes a kind of conscientiousness, of which absolutism is one of its main features. In the meantime, based on everyday moral experience, man is faced with many moral situations in which moral duties are in conflict with each other. Tasks that, in Kant's view, have the same value of obligation and that all human beings should be obliged to do in moral situations. For this reason, it is very important to pay attention to Kant's moral theory in the aspects in which moral duties are in conflict with each other. The most important issue of this research is the analysis of the conflicts of duties in moral propositions based on the development of Kant's theory of conscientiousness. Therefore, in the present article, the researchers sought to develop Kant's theory of conscientiousness in analyzing the conflicts of duties in moral propositions, specifically euthanasia. The method of this research is logical analysis of Kant's works and obtaining a model for resolving conflict in new moral propositions such as euthanasia.

The results of the study show that Kant considers the obligation to have moral duties and the basis of the distinction of obligation, according to which duties in practice in their binding principles are also dependent on the approach of obligation by the rights of others. According to this view, duties in the case of euthanasia and conflict of duties are required in this case, the grounds for which are more severe.