Protein Pattern of Bread Wheat Cultivars Before and After Flowering Using SDS-PAGE Technique

Protein patterns of SDS-PAGE have been widely used to determine genetic variation in cereals. This study was carried out at The Payame-Noor University of Asadabad to study genetic diversity and protein pattern in bread wheat cultivars before and after flowering. 13 bread wheat cultivars were applied to prepare protein patterns based on SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The highest genetic distance before bolting was between Zare and Gascogen (8 units). The lowest genetic distance before flowering was between cultivars with a distance equal to zero. This result indicates high genetic similarity between wheat cultivars. The most similarity between the cultivars is the value of one, such as Pishgam and Sayson (one means one hundred percent similarity) or Pishgam and Bezustaya (with one). The least similarity is 0.2 between Zare and Gascogen. Based on cluster analysis these 13 bread wheat cultivars were divided into three groups. The results after bolting were largely similar to the protein pattern before blooming. The most similarity between the cultivars is the value of one. Pishgam and Sayson was one hundred percent similar, and Pishgam and Bezustaya as well. The lowest similarity was observed between Zare and Gascogen cultivars with zero and 0.25 between Zare and other cultivars. Based on cluster analysis, 13 wheat cultivars were grouped into four clusters. Zare, Gascogen and Omid cultivars were placed in separate clusters and the rest of the cultivars were classified in one group. Increasing one group indicates the effect of some proteins that are effective in the developmental stages before and after wheat flowering.