Examining and criticizing theories of exchange value with an emphasis on the distinction between current and potential value

Exchange value is one of the most important issues in economics, which is also considered in jurisprudence under the title of being property by jurists, and in both sciences, various theories about its origin have been presented. The study of common theories of value shows that in these theories, exchange value is looked at with a static view and it is referred to as a point result that is due to causes and factors that are the origin of value at a point in time.In this article, we are trying to prove that the value of exchange is the result of a dynamic, linear and flowing process, which reaches actuality  from potentiality over time through different stages. In this regard, with the introduction of two types of property and exchange value, potential and current, and as a result, the distinction between potential and current property, it is clear that the neglect of the types of value on the one hand and the lack of accurate analysis of the process of value formation on the other hand, have become the source of differences and mistakes in value theories. .