Investigating the performance and emission of diesel engine using biodiesel produced from kitchen waste oil and heterogeneous catalyst calcium oxide (CaO)

Biodiesel is known as a chemically modified and environmentally friendly, renewable, non-toxic, biodegradable and safe fuel that is mainly used in compression combustion engines. The aim of this study is the feasibility of producing biodiesel from waste kitchen oil using the ultrasonic system and finally evaluating the produced fuel. In this study, the effect of molar ratio of alcohol to oil, weight percentage of catalyst and reaction time on methyl ester production efficiency was investigated. Optimum conditions using response surface method for biodiesel production included molar ratio of 8.30, catalyst percentage of 5.32 and reaction time of 33.23 minutes. Also, the results obtained from the evaluation of biodiesel fuel produced in a diesel generator engine ,showed that by increasing the amount of biodiesel in the fuel input to the engine, CO emissions have decreased by 0.026%, and the level of engine exhaust smoke has decreased by 22%, and NOx has increased to 513 ppm. The increase in the percentage of biodiesel also increased the specific braking power by 46.5 kW and led to an increase of 91 g/kWh in the specific consumption of brake fuel and on the other hand, it led to a decrease of 87 Nm in braking torque.