Investigating the Impact of Financial Development Dimensions on Income Distribution with Emphasis on Tehran Stock Exchange Data

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of financial development dimensions on income inequality. Studies show that domestic research on financial development usually uses a monetary index. However, the financial development index is a multidimensional concept that includes both monetary indicators and capital market components. Accordingly, in this study, using the data of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and combining it with provincial monetary statistics, various indicators of financial development, which include monetary and financial components, are created and distributed over income has been tested. For this purpose, panel data in the period 2010 to 2018 and the EGLS method (cross-sectional weight data based on fixed effects) is used. Indicators of financial access, financial depth, financial instability and financial liberalization have been used as dimensions of financial development. The variables of per capita income, inflation, free trade, geographical distance and government size have also been used as control variables. The results show that the variables of ratio of private credit to production, facilities granted to the private sector and the number of privately owned industrial workshops have a positive effect on the Gini coefficient and increase income inequality. Long-term changes in stock price fluctuations of selected companies have a negative impact and improve the distribution of income. The per capita production variable, the ratio of the province’s budget to production and inflation increases income inequality and the ratio of total exports and imports to production and the per capita distance to the center reduce it.