Investigating the Effect of Curcumin and Betanin Nanoparticles on Antioxidant and Inflammatory Response in Rats Suffering from Brain Ischemia/Reperfusion

Natural products can help in the treatment of many diseases due to their low side effects. In the present study the effect of pretreatment of nanobetanin and nanocurcumin in cerebral ischemia rats was investigated.

The present study was experimental. 40 male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups of healthy control, healthy animals receiving nanobetanin, healthy animals receiving nanocurcumin, healthy animals receiving nanobetanin+nanocurcumin, cerebral I/R, cerebral I/R receiving nanobetanin, cerebral I/R receiving nanocurcumin and cerebral I/R receiving nanobetanin + nanocurcumin. Oral administration of nanobetanin and nanocurcumin started five days before Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion induction in rats and continued three days later. Neurological disorders scores were assessed. After preparing the brain homogenate, the intensity of oxidative stress, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and alpha tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) cytokines were measured by relevant kits. Data analysis was done in GraphPad prism V.8 software.

Nanobetanin and nanocurcumin showed strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rats. The content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain of I/R rats receiving nanobetanin and nanocurcumin decreased (P=0.00001) and the activity of antioxidant enzyme such as superoxide dismutase improved (P=0.00002), and the content of glutathione regeneration showed an increasing trend (P=0.0004). A decrease in neurological disorders scores (P=0.009) was observed in cerebral I/R rats receiving nanobetanin and nanocurcumin. Furthermore, nanobetanin and nanocurcumin administration reduced the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (P=0.00003), IL-6 (P=0.00006), TNF-α (P=0.008) in the rats with cerebral I/R injury.

Nanobetanin and nanocurcumin has neuroprotective effects in cerebral I/R condition due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties, which can be considered as a suitable treatment option in stroke conditions