Mesenchymal stem cell derived exosome promotes the viability of ameloblast-like cells

To assess the effects of the exosome produced by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on ameloblast-like cells' capacity to proliferate. The exosomes were isolated from the human BM-MSCs and characterized by TEM images and western blotting. Then ALC cells were exposed with the increasing concentration of the exosome within 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of treatment. Then, the cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Also, the expression levels of the cyclin A, cyclin B, PI3K/AKT and FOXO3 were measured by real-time PCR upon cell exposure with 40 ng/ml exosome within 24-72 hours of treatment. BM-MSCs-exosome could to promote the viability of ALC cells, in particular, at higher concentrations. Also, therapy resulted in an increased level of cyclin A/B, PI3K, AKT and FOXO3 in treated cell, more evidently within 72 hours of treatment. We showed that MSCs-derived exosome as natural nanoparticles could improve the viability of ameloblast-like cells by promoting cell cycle arrest and activating P3K/AKT pathway.