The Effect of Technological Progress on the Emission of Carbon Dioxide Gas (A case study of some member countries of the Shanghai Treaty)

Environmental issues which are mainly caused by the emission of greenhouse gases have been the leading debates in our contemporary era in developed and developing economies due to environmental degradation. Energy consumption is the most direct source of carbon emission and the progress of energy technology can directly affect carbon dioxide emission. In other words, the advancement of technology can reduce the consumption of energy and consequently reduces the emission of CO2 . The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of technological progress on the reduction of CO2 emission in the period of 2000-2020 for selected countries of the Shanghai Treaty members by using the panel model and the generalized method of moments. The results of this research and the coefficients of the examined variables indicated a negative and significant effect of R&D and human capital variables on CO2 emission. for industry variables, trade openness and primary energy consumption variables showed a positive and significant effect on CO2 emission. Also, the effect of population growth rate and real economic growth rate variables on CO2 emission has not been significant.