Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in Women of Bushehr City, A Case-Control Study

Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different demographic, behavioral and clinical factors on breast cancer.

Method and Materials:

 In this case-control study, data collection forms were prepared from137 patients with breast cancer in Bushehr City and 137 women referred to comprehensive health services centers as the control group. This form included demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics. Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests were used to measure the univariate relationship and logistic regression test to adjust the effect of different variables.

In univariate analysis there was no significant relationship between breast cancer and occupation, night shift, menarche age, menopausal age, marriage age, number of pregnancies, tobacco use, consumption of meat, legumes, food rich in vitamin A, oral contraceptive pills and radioactive exposure. In univariate analysis, there was a significant relationship between breast cancer and family history, pregnancy history, age of first delivery, history of breastfeeding, physical activity, consumption of fish, dairy, hookah use, secondhand smoke and body mass index. Considering family history, high physical activity, consumption of high amount of fish and low amount of dairy products, there was a significant relationship between these factors and breast cancer even after adjusting the effect of other factors.

Regarding significant relationship between family history, consumption of little amount of dairy products and breast cancer, screening for breast cancer more regularly especially among those women with family history of breast cancer and having a healthy life style is necessary.