The Anthropological Foundations of Legal System in Islam in the View of Allamah Tabatabaei

The legal system is one of the critical social structures the theories of which are affected by identity, rationality, and defined anthropological foundations. Allamah Tabatabaei is among the notable thinkers in contemporary Islam. A coherent analysis of his anthropological views can result in the development of a comprehensive Islamic legal system. The present research has collected data through library note-taking and analyzed them through the descriptive-Analytical method to explain and interpret the anthropological foundations of such a legal system. It was revealed that in Allamah’s anthropological foundations, the theory of natural employment and lordship-baseness of Man is underscored, and the necessity and divine legitimacy of the legal system are emphasized. In addition to that, the principle of bliss-seeking and multi-dimensionality of human righteousness is mentioned, and concluded that a comprehensive and justice-oriented legal system is necessary for human felicity and bliss. Also, it was proved that the principles of human independence and its necessity, human dignity, and its preservation, the nature-based orientation of humans, and the target orientation of the legal system are necessary principles in Allamah’s anthropological foundations. Principles of equality, freedom, life worth, the natural tendency to possession, and human limitations are other anthropological principles in Allamah’s views which submit evidence on the equality of rights, responsibility for the execution of laws, right of life, right of possession and facilitative nature of Islamic laws.