Evaluation of the performance of titanium dioxide nanocomposite scaffold compared to hydroxyapatite on the healing of rabbit femoral bone defects

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of titanium dioxide nanocomposite scaffolds for the reconstruction of femur defects in rabbits. To investigate the effect of nanocomposites on the healing processes of broken bone (bone defect). 18 New Zealand adult male white rabbits weighing 3 kg were studied. A cylindrical defect with a diameter of 6 x 5 mm was created in the femur of rabbits. The animals were divided into three experimental groups. The experimental groups after the defect were created included control, control (hydroxyapatite) and treatment (titanium dioxide). On the 15th and 45th days after surgery, the animals were killed and a sample was taken from the bone defect site and placed in 10% buffered formalin. 5 μm sections were evaluated after general and trichrome staining. Improvement of inflammation on day 15 and formation of new bone on day 45 in the nanocomposite group was the best in terms of ossification repair unit and reduction of inflammation. Nanocomposite had a significant recovery function in bone regeneration of defective areas.